Originally called Decoration Day, Congress established Memorial Day as the last Monday in May in 1968. The undertold history of Memorial Day dates back to the Civil War.
First observed on May 1, 1865 in Charleston, South Carolina , thousands of African Americans, including formerly enslaved, 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, and 34th and 104th United States Colored Troops, were led by children as they gathered to honor 257 Union soldiers who were buried in a mass grave on Washington Race Course which was used as a Confederate prison camp.
The ancestors exhumed the mass grave, reburied the bodies and decorated their graves with fresh flowers; hence, Decoration Day.
In 1926, Carter G. Woodson, founder of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, launched the first Negro History Week to celebrate African American contributions that were “overlooked, ignored, and even suppressed by the writers of history textbooks and the teachers who use them.” The celebration of Black history was timed to coincide with the birthdays of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass.
This year marks the centennial birthday of jazz legends, including John Coltrane, Ray Brown, Miles Davis, Lou Donaldson, Jimmy Heath, Melba Liston and Randy Weston.
Blues legend Willie Mae “Big Mama” Thornton was born on December 11, 1926 in Alabama. She was the first to record “Hound Dog” which was written for her.
Thornton wrote and recorded “Ball and Chain” in the 1960s.
Thornton was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2024 in the “Musical Influence” category. She was inducted nearly 40 years after Elvis Presley and nearly 30 years after Janis Joplin.
As The Guardian reports, Thornton’s contributions have been overlooked and ignored:
Thornton should be ranked alongside the likes of Billie Holiday and Nina Simone, but instead she is little more than a footnote in the histories of Elvis Presley and Janis Joplin as the original voice behind songs they would make famous. A new documentary, “Big Mama Thornton: I Can’t Be Anyone But Me,” aims to right this wrong.
I will close out Women’s History Month with jazz pioneer Melba Liston (1926-1999). Liston holds the distinction of being the first woman to be regularly featured as a player, composer, and arranger with a major jazz band.
Although a formidable trombone player, Melba Liston was primarily known for her arrangements, especially working with Randy Weston, and compositions. Growing up mostly in Los Angeles, some of her first work came during the 1940s with two West Coast masters: bandleader Gerald Wilson and tenor saxophonist Dexter Gordon. In Gordon’s small combos, she began to blossom as a trombone soloist, and Gordon wrote a song as a tribute to her, “Mischievous Lady.” Despite her obvious talent as a soloist, Liston became an in-demand big band section player, which likely fueled her later work as an arranger. During the 1940s, Liston also worked with the Count Basie band and with Billie Holiday.
Following a brief hiatus from music, she joined Dizzy Gillespie’s bebop big band in 1950, and again for two of Gillespie’s State Department tours in 1956 and 1957, which included her arrangements of “Annie’s Dance” and “Stella by Starlight” in performances. She started her own all-woman quintet in 1958, working in New York and Bermuda, before joining Quincy Jones’ band in 1959 to play the musical Free and Easy. She stayed in Jones’ touring band as one of two-woman members until 1961.
In 1959, Liston arranged and conducted Gloria Lynne’s album, Lonely and Sentimental.
During the late 1960s and ‘70s, Liston worked as a staff arranger at Motown Records. In this role, she was responsible for arranging and conducting for several artists, including Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross and Billy Eckstine.
In the 1980s, Liston taught at the University of the West Indies and was director of Popular Music Studies at the Jamaica Institute of Music. A stroke in 1985 ended her playing career. She was able to resume work as a composer and arranger in the 1990s through the aid of computer technology.
Liston was named an NEA Jazz Master in 1987.
Melba Liston was recently celebrated at the National Jazz Museum in Harlem.
Muhammad Ali (1942-2016) was the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time. Known for his courage inside and outside the ring, Ali was an outspoken advocate for racial equality and religious freedom.
Ali didn’t just star in the boxing ring. He also starred in the Broadway musical “Buck White.”
Game recognizes game.
The three-time World Heavyweight Boxing Champion was a cultural icon and global humanitarian. Ali’s honors include the Presidential Medal of Freedom (2005); Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Century (1999); BBC Sports Personality of the Century (1999); and United Nations Messenger of Peace (1998).
Visibly affected by Parkinson’s disease, Ali lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics.
Ali once said, “I should be a postage stamp, because that’s the only way I’ll ever get licked.”
The U.S. Postal Service will honor Ali with two stamps. The first-day-of-issue ceremony for the Muhammad Ali Forever stamps will be held on January 15, 2026 in Ali’s hometown, Louisville, Kentucky.
The last Sunday in October is Visit a Cemetery Day. It’s an annual observance to promote a connection with the past, honor the memories of those who came before us, and appreciate the historical and cultural significance of cemeteries.
Before cities built public parks, cemeteries were the first green spaces open to everyone. In the 19th century, rural cemeteries were designed as peaceful, landscaped grounds where people could walk, picnic and reflect. Their winding paths, trees, and gardens offered an escape from crowded urban life. These “cities of the dead” influenced the design of public parks. Historic cemeteries like Laurel Hill in Philadelphia and Green-Wood in New York City remain vital, beautiful green spaces.
That history was lost on me in my youth. When I was in high school, I avoided taking the shortcut to school because I did not want to walk through a cemetery. Fast forward to today, St. Peter’s Churchyard is a stop on my Moses Williams’ Philadelphia walking tour. St. Peter’s is the final resting place of Moses’ enslaver, Charles Willson Peale.
At the time, the cemetery was located at 16th and Fairmount. Sometime between 1860 and 1875, the Northwest Burial Ground was sold, the bodies disinterred, and the land developed. The bodies were reinterred in Mount Moriah Cemetery in West Philadelphia. So presumably that’s where Moses’ remains are located.
I’m digging in the archives to confirm that Mount Moriah is indeed Moses’ final resting place. I want to find his remains so that I can see that Moses’ grave is kept clean.
Join All That Philly Jazz Director Faye Anderson for a stroll through North Broad’s storied jazz history. We will walk the streets of North Philly and stop at places that hold the stories of legends-in-the-making like Louis Armstrong, Clifford Brown, James Brown, Dave Brubeck, John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Patti LaBelle, Lee Morgan and Grover Washington Jr.
Our journey will take us to such sites as the Hotel Carlyle, Pyramid Club, Heritage House/Freedom Theatre, Cameo Room, Barber’s Hall, Flamingo Apartments, Nixon Grand Theater and Mitten Hall.
📅 Saturday, October 25, 2025 🕙 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. 💬 Free and open to the public (space is limited)
“A Stroll Through North Broad’s Jazz History” is organized by Scribe Video Center. The North Philadelphia History Festival is supported by the William Penn Foundation.
September was designated Gospel Music Heritage Month in 2008 following the passage of House Joint Resolution 90 sponsored by the late Representative Sheila Jackson Lee. The resolution highlighted gospel music’s deep roots in the African American experience and acknowledged its influence on other genres, including jazz, blues, soul, R&B and rock.
Gospel music is how African Americans got over during the Jim Crow era.
Formed in 1928, the Dixie Hummingbirds were one of the most popular and influential gospel groups. Their best-known recordings include “Thank You For One More Day,” “I’ve Been Born Again,” and “Loves Me Like a Rock” which won the 1973 Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance.
On Wednesday, September 24, 2025, the Charles L. Blockson Afro-American Collection will host a talk with Dr. Lynn Peterson, author of “Flying with the Birds: Rev. Joe Williams, The Last Original Member of the Iconic Dixie Hummingbirds.”
Also on September 24, I will give a gallery talk about the exhibit that I curated for the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, “Message In Our Music.” I will highlight objects in the exhibit related to gospel music, including Bishop Richard Allen’s collection of hymns and spirituals, a program from the Jubilee Singers’ 1873 concert at the Academy of Music, and a reel-to-reel tape of a live performance by Sister Rosetta Tharpe.
The gallery talk is free and open to the public. To register, go here.
